![]() Fresh air needs to enter the firebox to provide oxygen for the fire as the fire burns, the smoke must be allowed to rise through the stove pipe, creating negative pressure in the firebox, and exit through the chimney. Keeping the air flowing correctly through a wood-burning stove is essential for safe and efficient operation of the stove. In addition, reliance on wood as an energy source also contributes to deforestation and climate change.Ī damper in a stove chimney flue (1) controls air supply by being set open (2) or closed (3). This high number of deaths is due to the inhalation of toxic smoke emitted by the stoves, which contain substances harmful to health. The use of wood-burning stoves in Africa is associated with a large number of deaths each year, approximately 463,000. Įach year 61,000 premature deaths are attributable to ambient air pollution from residential heating with wood and coal in Europe, with an additional 10,000 attributable deaths in North America. Wood burners can triple the level of harmful indoor air pollution. The chimney or flue gases must be hotter than the outside temperature to ensure combustion gases are drawn out of the fire chamber and up the chimney. The stove is connected by ventilating stove pipe to a suitable flue, which will fill with hot combustion gases once the fuel is ignited. The first wood-burning stoves were high-end consumer items and only gradually became used widely. This was two centuries before the Industrial Revolution, so iron was still prohibitively expensive. The first wood-burning stove was patented in Strasbourg in 1557. Generally the appliance consists of a solid metal (usually cast iron or steel) closed firebox, often lined by fire brick, and one or more air controls (which can be manually or automatically operated depending upon the stove). A 19th-century example of a wood-burning stoveĪ wood-burning stove (or wood burner or log burner in the UK) is a heating or cooking appliance capable of burning wood fuel, often called solid fuel, and wood-derived biomass fuel, such as sawdust bricks.
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